FormGeometric forms

Form refers to three dimensional objects. While shapes have two dimensions (height and width), forms have three dimensions (height, width and depth).

Part of Art and DesignElements of art

Geometric forms

Whether they are real or implied, all forms are either geometric or organic.

Geometric forms are pure, mathematical objects including cubes, pyramids and spheres. Geometric forms appear man made and can suggest something solid, balanced and permanent.

Temple of Kukulcan, El Castillo, Chichen Itza, F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock Photo
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Temple of Kukulcan, El Castillo, Chichen Itza, F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock Photo

The Temple of Kukulcan in Chechen Itza, Mexico (constructed 9th – 12th Century) is an example of a real geometric form.

It is a pyramid, a perfect mathematical object that has been constructed by people. It is definitely not something natural that has grown.

Temple of Kukulcan, El Castillo, Chichen Itza, F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock Photo
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Temple of Kukulcan, El Castillo, Chichen Itza, F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock Photo
Constructivist teapot, Kazimir Malevich, 1923, Andreas von Einsiedel / Alamy Stock Photo
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Constructivist teapot, Kazimir Malevich, 1923, Andreas von Einsiedel / Alamy Stock Photo

This teapot (Kasimir Malevich, 1923) is a real geometric form.

The main body is made from an interlocked cylinder and cuboid with a spout created from a sphere, cuboid and triangular prism. All these are mathematical rather than natural forms.

Constructivist teapot, Kazimir Malevich, 1923, Andreas von Einsiedel / Alamy Stock Photo
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Constructivist teapot, Kazimir Malevich, 1923, Andreas von Einsiedel / Alamy Stock Photo
Abstract Composition, Jessica Dismorr, c.1915, oil on wood, Steve Vidler / Alamy Stock Photo
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Abstract Composition, Jessica Dismorr, c.1915, oil on wood, Steve Vidler / Alamy Stock Photo

Abstract Composition (Jessica Dismorr, c.1915) shows a number of objects that could be parts of buildings or other structures. These are geometric forms.

Although they are irregular, they are made up of straight faces, sharp angles and perfect curves. This is a two-dimensional work so these are implied forms rather than real forms.

Abstract Composition, Jessica Dismorr, c.1915, oil on wood, Steve Vidler / Alamy Stock Photo
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Abstract Composition, Jessica Dismorr, c.1915, oil on wood, Steve Vidler / Alamy Stock Photo
Slate Fold, Tiberthwaite, Andy Goldsworthy, 2013, © Andy Goldsworthy. Photo copyright Ashley Cooper / Alamy
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Slate Fold, Tiberthwaite, Andy Goldsworthy, 2013, © Andy Goldsworthy. Photo copyright Ashley Cooper / Alamy

Andy Goldsworthy created a geometric form in Slate Fold (2013) by placing pieces of slate in an order that made a circular section of a wall.

Slate Fold, Tiberthwaite, Andy Goldsworthy, 2013, © Andy Goldsworthy. Photo copyright Ashley Cooper / Alamy
Image caption,
Slate Fold, Tiberthwaite, Andy Goldsworthy, 2013, © Andy Goldsworthy. Photo copyright Ashley Cooper / Alamy